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22/2023 ¿ES LEGÍTIMO CONTROLAR EL HORARIO DE LOS TRABAJADORES CON LA HUELLA DACTILAR?

Dictamen 1/2023 del Consejo de Transparencia y Protección de Datos de Andalucía sobre el tratamiento de datos biométricos para el control de la jornada laboral

NORMATIVA APLICABLE

– Ley Orgánica 3/2018, de 5 de diciembre, de Protección de Datos Personales y garantía de los derechos digitales (LOPDGDD).

– Reglamento (UE) 2016/679 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 27 de abril de 2016, relativo a la protección de las personas físicas en lo que respecta al tratamiento de datos personales y a la libre circulación de estos datos y por el que se deroga la Directiva 95/46/CE (RGPD).

– Dictamen 1/2023 del Consejo de Transparencia y Protección de Datos de Andalucía.

– Ley 1/2014, de 24 de junio, de Transparencia Pública de Andalucía.

– Directrices 05/2022 del Comité Europeo de Protección de Datos (CEPD).

– Dictamen 1/2022 del Consejo de Transparencia y Protección de Datos de Andalucía.

– Dictamen 3/2012 Grupo de Trabajo del artículo 29.

 

Recientemente el Consejo de Transparencia y Protección de Datos de Andalucía, autoridad independiente de control en materia de transparencia y protección de datos de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, creado por la Ley 1/2014, de 24 de junio, de Transparencia Pública de Andalucía, ha emitido un Dictamen en respuesta a una consulta realizada por una Administración local en la que analiza la legitimidad de los sistemas de reconocimiento facial o huella dactilar para el control de horario de su personal, planteando si tal supuesto constituye un tratamiento de datos biométricos y si el mismo es lícito desde el punto de vista de la vigente normativa de protección de datos, entendiendo que, en su caso, tendrá que realizarse una Evaluación de Impacto de Protección de Datos (EIPD). Si bien, como hemos referido, la consulta es planteada por un organismo público, las conclusiones han de ser llevadas a sector privado de conformidad con la normativa de aplicación.

 

 

 

El tratamiento de datos objeto de análisis requiere de la realización previa a su puesta en marcha de le la correspondiente Evaluación de Impacto de protección de Datos (art. 35 RGPD).

  1. a) El uso de dispositivos de reconocimiento facial y/o huella dactilar con la finalidad de un control horario del personal implica un tratamiento de datos personales biométricos, sujeto a la normativa de protección de datos.
  2. b) La base de legitimación para el tratamiento de datos con la finalidad de controlar la presencia o la jornada laboral del personal podría encontrarse en el artículo 6.1 b) del RGPD y también en el artículo 6.1 c) del RGDP.
  3. c) Los datos biométricos son una categoría especial de datos personales, por lo que su tratamiento debe considerarse, en principio prohibido, conforme a lo dispuesto en el artículo 9.1 del RGDP.
  4. d) El levantamiento de la referida prohibición no puede ampararse en la actualidad en la concurrencia de la circunstancia prevista en el artículo 9.2 b) del RGPD puesto que en la actual normativa española no se contiene autorización para considerar necesario dicho tratamiento con la finalidad de un control horario de la jornada de trabajo.
  5. e) Podría considerarse como base legitimadora el consentimiento expreso/explícito únicamente si se dispone de una alternativa de libre elección para cumplir el control horario o de presencia y si el consentimiento es informado, inequívoco y demostrable por el responsable del tratamiento.
  6. f) El tratamiento de datos biométricos con la finalidad de control de presencia deberá cumplir con el resto de los principios y obligaciones derivados de la normativa de protección de datos, y seguir las directrices y recomendaciones recogidas en el Dictamen 3/2012 Grupo de Trabajo del artículo 29.
  7. g) El responsable del tratamiento realizará antes del tratamiento la evaluación del impacto relativa a la protección de datos establecida en el artículo 35 del RGPD.

 

Si desea ampliar información, puede acceder a los siguientes textos normativos:

– Ley Orgánica 3/2018, de 5 de diciembre, de Protección de Datos Personales y garantía de los derechos digitales, pinchando aquí.

– Reglamento (UE) 2016/679 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 27 de abril de 2016, relativo a la protección de las personas físicas en lo que respecta al tratamiento de datos personales y a la libre circulación de estos datos y por el que se deroga la Directiva 95/46/CE, pinchando aquí.

– Dictamen 1/2023 del Consejo de Transparencia y Protección de Datos de Andalucía, pinchando aquí.

– Ley 1/2014, de 24 de junio, de Transparencia Pública de Andalucía, pinchando aquí.

– Directrices 05/2022 del Comité Europeo de Protección de Datos (CEPD), pinchando aquí.

– Dictamen 1/2022 del Consejo de Transparencia y Protección de Datos de Andalucía, pinchando aquí.

– Dictamen 3/2012 Grupo de Trabajo del artículo 29, pinchando aquí.

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